Abstract
The relative use of prisons in the eight separate Australian jurisdictions is outlined with details of imprisonment and remand rates being given. The most serious offenses in Australia are described, and the numbers of persons serving non-custodial correctional orders are shown to be very much higher than the numbers of prisoners in all jurisdictions. It is suggested that in the immediate future, prison numbers will continue to increase, as willthe costs and problems, but in the longer term incarceration may have a more limited role.