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Abstract
The authors reviewed articles published from 1960 to 1996 that focused on research on psychosocial interventions and factors that affect survival from cancer. In general, they concluded that psychosocial interventions are most effective in the early stages of disease, the strongest predictors of survival are biological, the effects of psychological factors on survival are inconsistent in early stage disease and insignificant in cases of metastatic cancer, socio-demographic variables (high socioeconomic status, private health insurance, and involvement in social networks) are positively correlated with survival, and psychosocial factors are more apparent in patients younger than 55 years.
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Notes on contributors
James R. Zabora
Dr. Cwikel is a Senior Lecturer, Charlotte B. Spitzer and Jack J. Spitzer Department of Social Work, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, P.O. Box 653, Beer Sheba 84105, Israel. Ms. Behar is a doctoral student, School of Social Work, University of Washington, Seattle. Mr. Zabora is Director, Patient & Family Services, The Johns Hopkins Oncology Center, Baltimore, MD. The authors thank Courtney Uhler for her excellent work on the tables and Julia Chaiton, Jennifer Denson, Susan Dyer, Susan Everly, Rena Orenstein, and Dr. Vercd Slonim-Nevo for their helpful comments on earlier versions of this article.