ABSTRACT
The present article highlights the importance of alternatives to the 12-step models of alcoholism (e.g., Alcoholics Anonymous). The disease model of alcoholism, abstinence-only programs, and the role of spirituality in 12-step programs are discussed. Alternative clinical treatments (e.g., cognitive-behavioral therapy, motivational enhancement therapy) and non-12-step self-help groups (e.g., SMART Recovery, Moderation Management) are presented. It is concluded that a “one-size-fits-all” approach to alcoholism is too simplistic and ignores the enormous variability among substance users.