Evaluation of Regulated Deficit Irrigation on Grape in Texas and Implications for Acclimation and Cold Hardiness

Abstract

Deficit irrigation is used increasingly as a vigor management tool and to conserve water in grape vineyards. Several strategies including regulated deficit irrigation (RDI) have emerged, but none has been evaluated in Texas. Deficit irrigation has also been observed to influence vine acclimation and presumably vine cold hardiness. Experiments were established in a commercial ‘Cabernet Sauvignon’ (Vitis vinifera) vineyard in west Texas to evaluate RDI under local conditions and to study the potential for deficit irrigation to induce earlier shoot acclimation and influence cold hardiness. RDI significantly reduced pruning weights by as much as 46% and increased applied water-use efficiency up to 72%, but had little or no effect on yield components or fruit composition, indicating that these strategies could be useful in west Texas. Deficit irrigation was consistently associated with earlier and more rapid development of periderm on shoots, but had no effect on bud cold hardiness.

Key Words:

• Grape
• irrigation scheduling
• water deficit
• periderm
• abscisic acid
• Vitis vinifera