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Abstract
The advent of gene therapy techniques has made it possible to intervene in cardiovascular diseases by transferring an appropriate therapeutic gene to the relevant cells in humans. A number of preclinical efforts have begun to culminate in clinical studies for life threatening conditions like hypercholesterolaemia and ischaemic vascular disease. Other cardiovascular indications are under investigation, with late stage preclinical studies focusing on restenosis, transplant atherosclerosis and rejection, and various lipoprotein abnormalities. Several recent reviews have outlined the issues surrounding gene therapy in general [1,2]. This review will discuss gene transfer approaches designed specifically to treat diseases of the cardiovascular system, and relevant patents and patent applications.