Use of tenofovir disoproxil fumarate and emtricitabine combination in HIV-infected patients

Abstract

With the continuing spread of HIV infection, particularly in developing countries, cost-effective treatment for its management is a high priority. Truvada^® (Gilead Sciences) is a single combination pill of the nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitors tenofovir disoproxil fumarate and emtricitabine, which is used once daily. It is anticipated to be a clinically potent combination that is free of short-term irritating toxicity. The drug has recently been licensed but there are currently little clinical efficacy data regarding its use. The limited published data have indicated that emtricitabine and lamivudine have equivalent potency, and randomised controlled trials have produced evidence of the efficacy of lamivudine combined with tenofovir disoproxil fumarate in a regimen containing either the non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor efavirenz or a protease inhibitor lopinavir/ritonavir. In these trials, long-term durability data are available for ≤ 96 weeks.

Keywords::

• emtricitabine
• highly active antiretroviral therapy
• tenofovir