Adult and paediatric poor metabolisers of desloratadine: an assessment of pharmacokinetics and safety

Abstract

Antihistamines are widely used to treat allergic rhinitis (AR) and chronic idiopathic urticaria (CIU) in adults and children. Desloratadine is a once-daily oral antihistamine with a favourable sedation profile that is approved for the treatment of AR and CIU. Phenotypic polymorphism in the metabolism of desloratadine has been observed, such that some individuals have a decreased ability to form 3-hydroxydesloratadine, the major metabolite of desloratadine; such individuals are termed ‘poor metabolisers of desloratadine’. This review describes the prevalence of poor metabolisers of desloratadine, quantifies the exposure to desloratadine in poor metabolisers and demonstrates that the increased exposure in poor metabolisers is independent of age when administered at age-appropriate doses. Furthermore, this review demonstrates that the increased exposure to desloratadine in poor metabolisers is not associated with any changes in the safety and tolerability profile of desloratadine, including cardiovascular safety.

Keywords::

• allergic rhinitis (AR)
• antihistamine
• chronic idiopathic urticaria (CIU)
• desloratadine
• electrocardiogram (ECG)
• pharmacokinetics
• poor metaboliser

Acknowledgement

Writing and editorial services were provided by Thomson Gardiner-Caldwell, London, UK.