Ovarian surgery and follicular reserve

Abstract

In patients with cystic ovarian pathology, such as endometriomas, polycystic ovary syndrome, teratomas or benign tumors, there is a tendency towards abnormal ovarian function. Anovulation and sterility may occur. This review will summarize the normal physiology of the female gonad and the development of oogenesis from initial reproductive age to the menopause. Furthermore, the interaction between ovarian pathology and endocrinology will be described. The main focus is on the technique of ovarian-preserving surgery by laparoscopy. In addition, alternative therapeutic approaches and screening tests will be discussed.

Keywords::

• assisted reproductive techniques
• endoscopy
• menopause
• ovarian reserve
• ovarian surgery
• ovary
• PCOS
• polycystic ovary syndrome

Notes

ART: Assisted reproductive technology; GnRH: Gonadotropin-releasing hormone.