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Review

Noncoding miRNAs as key controllers of pancreatic β-cell functions

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Pages 461-468 | Published online: 10 Jan 2014
 

Abstract

miRNAs, a recently discovered family of small noncoding RNAs, are emerging as major controllers of gene expression and key determinants of pancreatic β-cell function. These 19–22-nucleotide molecules govern gene expression by partially pairing to 3´-untranslated regions of target mRNAs and by inhibiting their translation. The elucidation of the role of miRNAs promises to unravel new aspects of β-cell biology and to clarify the mechanisms leading to defective insulin secretion in diabetes mellitus. This information is expected to favor the design of new approaches for preserving functional β-cells in prediabetic stages and the development of strategies for engineering insulin-secreting cells capable of replacing endogenous β-cells in diabetic patients.

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