Lumiracoxib, a highly selective COX-2 inhibitor

Abstract

Lumiracoxib (Prexige^®, Novartis AG) is a highly selective inhibitor of cyclooxygenase-2 that has been approved in 22 countries including the UK for analgesic therapy in chronic and acute pain. For patients with osteoarthritis, the recommended initial dose is 100 or 200 mg once daily, in one or two divided doses. In patients with primary dysmenorrhea, or following dental or orthopedic surgery with moderate-to-severe acute pain, the recommended dose is 400 mg once daily. The Therapeutic Arthritis Research and Gastrointestinal Event Trial (TARGET) tested the efficacy and gastrointestinal safety of the drug against two traditional nonselective nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, naproxen and ibuprofen. The results from this trial demonstrated that lumiracoxib reduces gastrointestinal ulcer complication rates by 66% overall and 79% among nonaspirin users in a population without gastroprotection. Lumiracoxib was not associated with a statistically significant difference in cardiovascular morbidity and mortality compared with nonselective nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. However, in view of the ongoing debate about the safety of cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitors, the use of this drug class should be limited to patients with increased risk of gastrointestinal complications until results of randomized trials in cardiovascular high-risk populations are published.

Keywords::

• adverse effects
• cyclooxygenase 2
• myocardial infarction
• nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agents
• osteoarthritis
• rheumatoid arthritis
• ulcer