Abstract
Soft-tissue augmentation with injectable fillers has seen tremendous development during the last 30 years. What started approximately 110 years ago with the injection of vaseline and paraffin and approximately 60 years ago with silicone has now become a big business both for some companies and for physicians dealing with patients who want to be beautified. More than 100 different fillers are available all over the world, many of which have to be used with the utmost care. Permanent fillers that meet patients’ wishes for a definitive solution to their asthetic concerns are particularly problematic. This article focuses on the different permanent fillers that have come onto the market during the last 20 years and, in particular, on their benefits and enormous risks.
Financial & competing interests disclosure
The author has no relevant affiliations or financial involvement with any organization or entity with a financial interest in or financial conflict with the subject matter or materials discussed in the manuscript. This includes employment, consultancies, honoraria, stock ownership or options, expert testimony, grants or patents received or pending, or royalties.
No writing assistance was utilized in the production of this manuscript.