Abstract
Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) is characterized by ovarian enlargement, ascites and pleural effusion. Most cases of OHSS develop after ovarian stimulation with gonadotropins. The basis of the process is increased vascular permeability, and this is related to VEGF. VEGF is produced in granulosa cells in response to gonadotropin stimulation and its secretion is augmented following human chorionic gonadotropin administration. One of the major risk factors is polycystic ovaries. Preventive strategies include mild stimulation protocols, coasting, in vitro maturation, infusion of macromolecule solutions and coadministration of dopamine agonists. OHSS is a self-limiting condition and most cases can be managed with paracentesis and fluid replacement. In this article, we review pathogenesis, risk factors, strategies for prevention and management of OHSS.
Financial & competing interests disclosure
The authors have no relevant affiliations or financial involvement with any organization or entity with a financial interest in or financial conflict with the subject matter or materials discussed in the manuscript. This includes employment, consultancies, honoraria, stock ownership or options, expert testimony, grants or patents received or pending, or royalties.
No writing assistance was utilized in the production of this manuscript.
