Abstract
The observation of urine has been used for centuries to diagnose and follow many disease states. It continues to be an important test in modern medicine. Various diseases such as pelvic and bladder malignancies, liver dysfunction, renal disease, infection and some pregnancy-related pathologies such as placenta percreta and preeclampsia may be suspected on the basis of an abnormal urinalysis result. The obstetrician–gynecologist must have a good understanding of urinalysis, as correct interpretation is important for optimal patient care. In this review, we will detail the components of basic urinalysis routine and microscopy. We will discuss both basic science and clinical correlations, with a focus on diseases commonly encountered by the obstetrician–gynecologist.
Financial & competing interests disclosure
The authors have no relevant affiliations or financial involvement with any organization or entity with a financial interest in or financial conflict with the subject matter or materials discussed in the manuscript. This includes employment, consultancies, honoraria, stock ownership or options, expert testimony, grants or patents received or pending, or royalties.
No writing assistance was utilized in the production of this manuscript.