Ocular treatment of thyroid eye disease

Knut Eichhorn Department of Ophthalmology, University of Minnesota, Medical School, MMC 493, 420 Delaware Street SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455-0501, USA; Department of Ophthalmology, University of Minnesota, Medical School, MMC 493, 420 Delaware Street SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455-0501, USA

Andrew R Harrison Department of Otolaryngology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA. [email protected]; Department of Ophthalmology, University of Minnesota, Medical School, MMC 493, 420 Delaware Street SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455-0501, USA; Department of Otolaryngology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA. [email protected]

Erick D Bothun Department of Ophthalmology, University of Minnesota, Medical School, MMC 493, 420 Delaware Street SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455-0501, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA; Department of Ophthalmology, University of Minnesota, Medical School, MMC 493, 420 Delaware Street SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455-0501, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA

Linda K McLoon Department of Ophthalmology, University of Minnesota, Medical School, MMC 493, 420 Delaware Street SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455-0501, USA; Department of Neuroscience, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA; Department of Ophthalmology, University of Minnesota, Medical School, MMC 493, 420 Delaware Street SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455-0501, USA; Department of Neuroscience, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA

Michael S Lee Department of Ophthalmology, University of Minnesota, Medical School, MMC 493, 420 Delaware Street SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455-0501, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA; Department of Neurology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA; Department of Ophthalmology, University of Minnesota, Medical School, MMC 493, 420 Delaware Street SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455-0501, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA; Department of Neurology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA

Abstract

Thyroid eye disease is an autoimmune disease affecting ocular and orbital tissues. The inflammation may or may not parallel systemic thyroid conditions such as Graves’ disease. Disease manifestations result from tissue remodeling within the orbit. The abnormal stimulation of immune cells and orbital fibroblasts is probably involved. Our current understanding of the pathophysiology of the disease is limited and few rational therapies have been designed that target the underlying disease process. Treatment strategies vary depending on disease severity and activity. Recent small-scale studies have shown some promise with B-cell-depleting drugs such as rituximab, but this therapy requires further evaluation. The testing of new treatments is hindered by the lack of a reliable animal model of thyroid eye disease.

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Ocular treatment of thyroid eye disease

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Ocular treatment of thyroid eye disease

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