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Abstract
Behçet’s disease (BD) is an inflammatory, multisystemic disease possibly induced by susceptible microbiological pathogens. BD is attributed to genetic and environmental factors that cumulatively elicit the dysfunction of T and B lymphocytes and dendritic cells. Immunological responses in BD were investigated in most of the inflammatory sites and have relied upon the classic paradigm of distinct innate and adaptive parts of the immune system. However, recent advances in inflammatory and autoimmune diseases suggest that this division may be overly simplistic, with emerging evidence of a breakdown in conventional hallmarks of each system. Molecular markers revealing polymorphisms at the DNA level, Treg and Th17 cells permitted an increasing understanding in the knowledge of the disease. This review will focus on the immune mechanisms and give an overview of the major new immunological hypothesis and the role of the main cellular populations that drive the immune responses in BD.
Acknowledgements
K Hamzaoui contributed towards writing the manuscript, gathering information and critical review of the literature; A Hamzaoui contributed by revising the manuscript for important intellectual content, drafting of the manuscript and critical revision of the manuscript.
Financial & competing interests disclosure
The authors have no relevant affiliations or financial involvement with any organization or entity with a financial interest in or financial conflict with the subject matter or materials discussed in the manuscript. This includes employment, consultancies, honoraria, stock ownership or options, expert testimony, grants or patents received or pending, or royalties.
No writing assistance was utilized in the production of this manuscript.
