Recognition and management of complications during transcatheter aortic valve implantation

Abstract

In the field of interventional cardiology, transcatheter aortic valve implantation is the newest and most exciting development of recent years. With a growing evidence base for both prognostic and symptomatic benefit, more and more interventionalists are keen to learn the procedure. However, the concomitant risk associated with a technically challenging procedure in a high-risk patient population is significant, and complications can arise suddenly and often unexpectedly. It is essential that new, and even established, operators are meticulously aware of the potential for complications, are able to identify them at an early stage, and manage them quickly and effectively. We have significant experience with transcatheter aortic valve implantation, through the implantation of 260 devices, which brings first-hand experience of most major complications. This article provides insight into the potential for complications, offering advice on effective treatment, recognition, and ultimately, prevention. It also suggests a number of procedural and technical modifications, which might improve outcomes in the future.

Keywords::

• annulus rupture
• aortic stenosis
• atrioventricular block
• cerebral embolism
• complications
• coronary occlusion
• embolization
• paravalvular regurgitation
• tamponade
• transcatheter aortic valve implantation
• vascular access

Financial & competing interests disclosure

The authors have no relevant affiliations or financial involvement with any organization or entity with a financial interest in or financial conflict with the subject matter or materials discussed in the manuscript. This includes employment, consultancies, honoraria, stock ownership or options, expert testimony, grants or patents received or pending, or royalties.

No writing assistance was utilized in the production of this manuscript.