Abstract
Myocardial and pulmonary ischemia during cardiopulmonary bypass is associated with cardiac and pulmonary dysfunction that may result in poor outcomes after cardiac surgery. Beating heart valve surgery, utilizing continuous coronary perfusion with warm oxygenated blood, together with continuous pulmonary artery perfusion and alveolar ventilation during cardiopulmonary bypass, represents an emerging and exciting novel strategy for myocardial and pulmonary protection. In this article, we present preliminary clinical results, as well as basic and clinical evidence, indications, contraindications and limitations of these new evolving techniques.
Financial & competing interests disclosure
The authors have no relevant affiliations or financial involvement with any organization or entity with a financial interest in or financial conflict with the subject matter or materials discussed in the manuscript. This includes employment, consultancies, honoraria, stock ownership or options, expert testimony, grants or patents received or pending, or royalties.
No writing assistance was utilized in the production of this manuscript.
Notes
Data taken from Citation[23].