Endogenous lung stem cells: what is their potential for use in regenerative medicine?

Abstract

Advances in stem cell technologies in recent years have generated considerable interest in harnessing the potential of adult and embryonic stem cells in regenerative medicine. Stem cell-based therapies are a particularly attractive option for the treatment of intractable lung diseases for which current therapies are essentially palliative. Proof-of-principle experiments in animal models demonstrate the efficacy of exogenous stem cells in mediating lung repair by attenuating fibrotic responses to injury, but also suggest that their ability to contribute to lung epithelial regeneration and repair is limited. Consequently, attention has turned to endogenous lung stem cells as targets or vehicles for the delivery of lung regenerative therapies. In this article, we discuss the potential and promise of endogenous lung stem cells in regenerative medicine, and the problems and challenges faced by researchers and clinicians in harnessing their potential to repair the lung.

Keywords::

• endogenous lung stem cells
• lung regeneration and repair
• regenerative medicine
• stem cell therapies

Financial & competing interests disclosure

The authors have received research funding from the Australian Stem Cell Centre and the National Health and Medical Research Council of Australia (Project Grant No. 400323), and the award of a National Health and Medical Research Council of Australia Peter Doherty Training Fellowship (No. 384367) to Jonathan L McQualter. The authors have no other relevant affiliations or financial involvement with any organization or entity with a financial interest in or financial conflict with the subject matter or materials discussed in the manuscript apart from those disclosed.

No writing assistance was utilized in the production of this manuscript.

Notes

This is a comprehensive, but not exhaustive, list of resident cells of the adult lung, which comprises at least 40 interactive cell types.

Data from [26].