Abstract
My first contact with gangs in New York City was in 1946, in the after-school Board of Education Community Center at Public School 501 in Manhattanville, at the southeastern fringe of Harlem. I had volunteered to work in relieving racial tension at the request of Dr. Gene Weltfish, an active citizen of Manhattanville, who was interested as an anthropologist in mutual adjustment between different cultural groups living together.