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Abstract
The cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is a clear ultrafiltrate of blood that envelopes and protects the central nervous system while regulating neuronal function through the maintenance of interstitial fluid homeostasis in the brain. Due to its anatomic location and physiological functions, the CSF can provide a reliable source of biomarkers for the diagnosis and treatment monitoring of different neurological diseases, including neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and primary and secondary brain malignancies. The incorporation of CSF biomarkers into the drug discovery and development can improve the efficiency of drug development and increase the chances of success. This review aims to consolidate the current use of CSF biomarkers in clinical practice and explore future perspectives for the field.
Plain Language Summary
Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is a clear fluid that protects our brain and spinal cord, and can help diagnose and monitor neurological diseases like Alzheimer's and Parkinson's. Biomarkers in CSF are like clues that help doctors and researchers better understand these diseases. By using CSF biomarkers, doctors can diagnose and monitor patients more accurately, while researchers can develop more effective treatments. This review looks at how we use CSF biomarkers in medicine and how they might help us in the future. Better understanding of CSF biomarkers can improve the lives of people living with neurological diseases.
Author contributions
SC Pingle, F Lin, M Anekoji, CPK Patro, S Datta, LD Jones, S Kesari and S Ashili contributed to literature review and manuscript writing. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.
Acknowledgments
The authors thank O Heikal for preparing the figures.
Financial & competing interests disclosure
The authors have no relevant affiliations or financial involvement with any organization or entity with a financial interest in or financial conflict with the subject matter or materials discussed in the manuscript. This includes employment, consultancies, honoraria, stock ownership or options, expert testimony, grants or patents received or pending, or royalties.
No writing assistance was utilized in the production of this manuscript.