Cognitive function affects trainability for physical performance in exercise intervention among older adults with mild cognitive impairment

Abstract

Background

Although much evidence supports the hypothesis that cognitive function and physical function are interrelated, it is unclear whether cognitive decline with mild cognitive impairment influences trainability of physical performance in exercise intervention. The purpose of this study was to examine the association between cognitive function at baseline and change in physical performance after exercise intervention in older adults with mild cognitive impairment.

Methods

Forty-four older adults diagnosed with mild cognitive impairment based on the Peterson criteria (mean age 74.8 years) consented to and completed a 6-month twice weekly exercise intervention. The Timed Up and Go (TUG) test was used as a measure of physical performance. The Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), Trail Making Test Part B, Geriatric Depression Scale, baseline muscle strength of knee extension, and attendance rate of intervention, were measured as factors for predicting trainability.

Results

In the correlation analysis, the change in TUG showed modest correlations with attendance rate in the exercise program (r = −0.354, P = 0.027) and MMSE at baseline (r = −0.321, P = 0.034). A multiple regression analysis revealed that change in TUG was independently associated with attendance rate (β = −0.322, P = 0.026) and MMSE score (β = −0.295, P = 0.041), controlling for age and gender.

Conclusion

General cognitive function was associated with improvements in physical performance after exercise intervention in subjects with mild cognitive impairment. Further research is needed to examine the effects of exercise programs designed to address cognitive obstacles in older adults with mild cognitive impairment.

Keywords:

• exercise
• mobility
• rehabilitation
• Timed Up and Go test

Acknowledgments

We would like to thank the Obu City Office for assisting with recruitment of participants, and the speech therapists of the Ukai Rehabilitation Hospital for their assistance with data collection. This work was supported by a grant from the Japanese Ministry of Health, Labour, and Welfare (programs minimizing long-term care B-3, to TS).

Disclosure

The authors report no conflicts of interest in this work.