Predictive Value of Pretreatment Peripheral Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio for Response to Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy and Breast Cancer Prognosis

Abstract

Background

Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is connected with the response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) and prognosis. In addition, residual lymph node burden after NAC is likely important for prognosis. However, most studies have focused on the predictive value of NLR for NAC pathological complete response (pCR) rate. The relationship between NLR and post-operative residual lymph node ratio (LNR), and their prognostic values remain to be determined.

Methods

We retrospectively studied 282 patients with breast cancer who underwent curative surgery after NAC from 2008 to 2018. We collected pretreatment NLR in peripheral blood, the response to NAC, and the amount of axillary lymph nodes (positive and total) from patients who received axillary lymph node dissection (ALND). We followed up all patients from 2 to 116 months, with an average of 63 months. We analyzed the predictive value of pretherapeutic NLR in peripheral blood on the response of NAC, including pCR rate and postoperative LNR. The prognostic value of NLR and LNR was also analyzed.

Results

A pCR was achieved in 20 (27.0%) of 74 patients with low NLR, and 34 (16.3%) of 208 with high NLR (P = 0.045). In luminal A and luminal B tumors, patients with high NLR tended to have elevated LNR (LNR>0.5; P=0.041). In Kaplan–Meier analysis, overall survival of patients with low NLR (NLR < 1.8; P = 0.033) was longer than that of patients with high NLR (NLR ≥ 1.8). Moreover, by multivariable analysis, LNR was negatively correlated with overall survival (P < 0.05) and disease-free survival (DFS) (P < 0.05).

Conclusion

pCR rate, post-operative remaining lymph node involvement and overall survival in all patients who received NAC may be predicted by NLR. Low NLR and LNR may suggest favorable outcomes.

Keywords:

• positive lymph node ratio
• pathological complete response
• lymph node ratio
• positive lymph node ratio categories

Abbreviations

NLR, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio; NAC, neoadjuvant chemotherapy; pCR, pathological complete response; LNR, lymph node ratio; AJCC, the American Joint Committee on Cancer; UICC, International Union Against Cancer; LNRC, positive lymph node ratio categories; ALND, axillary lymph node dissection.

Disclosure

The authors report no conflicts of interest in this work.