Natural dipeptidyl peptidase-IV inhibitor mangiferin mitigates diabetes- and metabolic syndrome-induced changes in experimental rats

Abstract

Background

Mangiferin (MNG) is known to possess antidiabetic and antioxidant activity. However, there is no experimental evidence presently available in the literature with regard to its ameliorating effects on diabetes mellitus coexisting with metabolic syndrome.

Objective

The present study was designed to evaluate the protective effects of MNG on various components of metabolic syndrome with diabetes as an essential component.

Material and methods

Adult Wistar rats were fed high-fat diets for 10 weeks and challenged with streptozotocin (40 mg/kg) at week three (high-fat diabetic control group). After the confirmation of metabolic syndrome in the setting of diabetes, MNG 40 mg/kg was orally fed to these rats from the fourth to tenth week.

Results

The treatment with MNG showed beneficial effects on various components of metabolic syndrome, such as reduced dyslipidemia (decreased triglyceride, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and increased high-density lipoprotein cholesterol) and diabetes mellitus (reduced blood glucose and glycosylated hemoglobin). In addition, an increase in serum insulin, C-peptide, and homeostasis model assessment-β and a reduction in homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance-IR were observed in MNG-treated group compared with high-fat diabetic control group. MNG was also found to be cardioprotective (reduction in creatine phosphokinase-MB levels, atherogenic index, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein). Reduction in serum dipeptidyl peptidase–IV levels in the MNG-treated group correlated with improvement in insulin resistance and enhanced β-cell function.

Conclusion

The present study has demonstrated antidiabetic, hypolipidemic, and cardioprotective effects of MNG in the setting of diabetes with metabolic syndrome. Thus, MNG has the potential to be developed as a natural alternative to synthetic dipeptidyl peptidase-IV inhibitors beneficial in this comorbid condition.

Keywords:

• mangiferin
• diabetes
• metabolic syndrome
• high-fat diet
• streptozotocin
• rats

Acknowledgments

The study is funded by the Indian Council of Medical Research vide grant no 58/2/2014-BMS. The abstract of this article has been presented in the Eighth International Conference on Recent Advances in Cardiovascular Sciences, Winnipeg, Canada, held on February 5–7, 2016, at Anand Pharmacy College, Gujarat, India.

Disclosure

The authors report no conflicts of interest in this work.