https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3043-2715
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Abstract
Introduction
IL-22 may have a role in the alleviation of the metabolic syndrome (MetS) via protection of pancreatic beta and endothelial cells from oxidative and lipid-induced damage. We aimed to investigate the effects of moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT) and different volumes of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) on changes in circulating IL-22.
Methods
This was a sub-study of the “Exercise in the prevention of Metabolic Syndrome” (EX-MET) a multi-center, randomized trial. This study used data collected at the Brisbane site. Thirty-nine individuals with MetS were randomized to one of three 16-wk interventions: 1) MICT (n=10, 30min at 60–70% HR peak, 5x/wk); 2) 4HIIT (n=13, 4x4min at 85–95% HR peak, interspersed with 3min of active recovery at 50–70% HR peak, 3x/wk); or 3) 1HIIT (n=16, 1x4min at 85–95% HR peak, 3x/wk). Serum IL-22 concentration was measured following a 12-hr fast via an enzyme linked immunosorbent assay, before and after the intervention. MetS severity, insulin resistance (IR), visceral adipose tissue (VAT), and cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) were also measured via MetS z-score, HOMA-IR, dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, and indirect calorimetry (maximal exercise test), respectively.
Results
The median (IQR) IL-22% changes from pre- to post-intervention in the MICT, 4HIIT, and 1HIIT groups were −17% (−43.0% to 31.3%), +16.5% (−18.9% to 154.9%), and +15.9% (−28.7% to 46.1%), respectively. Although there were no significant between-group differences in IL-22 concentration change, there was a medium-to-large group × time interaction effect [F(2,35)=2.08, p=0.14, η2=0.14].
Conclusion
Although there was no statistically significant between-group difference in IL-22 change, the study suggests that different exercise intensities may have opposing effects on IL-22 concentration in individuals with MetS.
Data Sharing Statement
No further data will be shared besides what are already included in the manuscript.
Acknowledgments
Funding for this study was provided by the Norwegian University of Science and Technology and from an unrestricted research grant from The Coca-Cola Company.
Disclosure
Professor Jeff S. Coombes reports grants from Norwegian University of Science and Technology and The Coca-Cola Company during the conduct of the study. Dr Sumaira Z Hasnain reports a licensed patent: PCT/AU2015/050283. The authors declare no other possible conflicts of interest associated with this work.