Analysis Using Various Models on the Effect of Metabolic Surgery on Cardiovascular Disease Risk in the Chinese Population with Obesity

Abstract

Background

Some research have indicated that Bariatric and metabolic surgery (BMS) can reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) among individuals with obesity. However, there are few reports available that focuses on assessing effect of BMS on the risk of CVD in Chinese population using multiple models.

Objective

This research aims to assess the function of BMS on the risk of CVD in Chinese patients with obesity using multiple CVD risk models.

Methods

We performed a retrospective analysis of the basic data and glycolipid metabolism data preoperatively and postoperatively from patients with obesity at our hospital. Subgroup analysis was carried out according to different surgical procedures. Then, the function of BMS on the risk of CVD in the Chinese population was assessed using four models, including: China-PAR risk model, Framingham risk score (FRS), World Health Organization (WHO) risk model, and Globorisk model.

Results

We enrolled 64 patients, 24 (37.5%) of whom underwent laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) while 40 (62.5%) underwent Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB). The 10-year CVD risk for patients calculated using the China-PAR risk model decreased from 6.3% preoperatively to 2.0% at 1 year postoperatively and was statistically significantly different. Similarly, the 10-year CVD risk of patients calculated using the FRS, WHO, Global risk model decreased significantly at 1 year postoperatively compared to preoperatively. When the FRS risk model was used to calculate the patients’ 30-year postoperative CVD risk, there was a significant decrease at 1 year after surgery compared to the preoperative period. When employing various models to evaluate the 10-year CVD risk for LSG and RYGB, no statistically significant difference was found in the 1-year postoperative RRR between the procedures.

Conclusion

The CVD risk after BMS was significantly reduced compared to preoperatively. In terms of improving cardiovascular risk, SG and RYGB appear to be equally effective.

Keywords:

• obesity
• metabolic surgery
• T2DM
• CVD risk model

Acknowledgments

Zheng Wang, Guangzhong Xu, Guanyang Chen are co-first authors.

Author Contributions

Zheng Wang; Guangzhong Xu; Guanyang Chen; Dongbo Lian; Nengwei Zhang designed the study. Zheng Wang and Guanyang Chen analyzed data and wrote the manuscript. Guangzhong Xu, Dongbo Lian; Nengwei Zhang revising or critically reviewing the article. All authors supervised the study, examine the data, and inspect the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final submitted manuscript.

Disclosure

The authors report no conflicts of interest in this work.

Additional information

Funding

This work was supported by the Beijing Municipal Science & Technology Commission No. Z221100007422005 and the China National Railway Group Corporation Science and Technology Research and Development Program Projects No. J2023Z067.