Prevalence and Associated Factors of Human Immune Deficiency Virus and Tuberculosis Co-Infection in Patients Attending Kolla Diba Health Center, Dembia District, Northwest Ethiopia

Abstract

Background

TB-HIV co-infection is the most common problem of African countries, especially, Sub-Saharan countries including Ethiopia. So this study aimed to assess TB-HIV co-infection with its associated factors in patients with Tuberculosis in Northwest Ethiopia. Although the prevalence of TB-HIV was low, the need for strengthening the health extension program especially in urban dwellers also needed to include TB-HIV testing.

Objective

This study aimed to assess TB-HIV co-infection with its associated factors in patients with Tuberculosis in Northwest Ethiopia.

Methodology

Institutional based cross-sectional study has been done and a total of 638 subjects participated in the study. The data of the study subjects were collected from the tuberculosis logbook using two trained data collectors who were work in the TB DOTS program and by using a well-prepared checklist and SPSS was used for analyzing data.

Results

9.7% (62/638) of TB patients were found to be co-infected with HIV. Among these 32 (11.4%) were females and 30 (8.4%) were males. More infected individuals were found in urban residents 44 (20%) than rural residents and age groups 30–40 years 31 (22.5%) are more infected than the other age group. TBforms, age, and residence were associated with HIV/TB co-infection significantly.

Conclusions and Recommendations

Although the prevalence of TB-HIV was low, the need for strengthening the health extension program especially in urban dwellers is needed to include TB-HIV testing. Further surveys involving HIV infected TB patients to strengthen and scale-up for TB and HIV is needed.

Keywords:

• TB-HIV co-infection
• Kolla Diba
• Northwest Ethiopia

Abbreviations

AIDS, Acquired Immunodeficiency syndrome; ART, Anti-Retroviral Therapy; CPT, Cotrimoxazole Preventive Therapy; EPTB, Extra-pulmonary Tuberculosis; FMOH, Federal Ministry of Health; HIV, Human Immunodeficiency Virus; OIs, Opportunistic Infections; OR, Odds Ratios; PLWHA, People Living with HIV/AIDS; PTB, Pulmonary Tuberculosis; SPSS, Statistical Package for Social Sciences; STD, Sexually Transmitted Diseases; TB, Tuberculosis; TDR, Tropical Disease Research; WHO, World Health Organization.

Data Sharing Statement

The datasets used during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.

Author Contributions

All authors made a significant contribution to this work, in the conception, study design, execution, acquisition of data, analysis, and interpretation, or in all these areas; took part in drafting, revising, or critically reviewing the article; gave final approval of the version to be published; have agreed on the journal to which the article has been submitted; and agree to be accountable for all aspects of the work.

Disclosure

The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest for this work.

Additional information

Funding

This work was supported both financially and materially by Ethiopian Public Health Institution (EPHI) in collaboration with Addis Ababa University.