Prevalence of Common Nosocomial Infections and Evaluation of Antibiotic Resistance Patterns in Patients with Secondary Infections in Hamadan, Iran

Abstract

Introduction

The prevalence of nosocomial infections in patients hospitalized to three hospitals of Shahid Beheshti, Farshchian, and Be’ saat in Hamadan was investigated for 2 years (2018 to 2020).

Materials and Methods

The samples were cultured and characterized using morphological and diagnostic biochemical tests. The analysis of the frequency of the isolates and their antibiotic resistance were calculated using SPSS (version 22) at a significant level of P-value < 0.05.

Results

Bacterial isolates were collected from the 1194 clinical specimens, of which 1394 were isolated from urine, 16 from CSF, and 588 from tracheal aspiration. Also, 654 (54.8%) isolates were obtained from females and 540 (45.2%) from males with the age range 15–73 years (P> 0.05). The results showed that 22.1% were gram-positive and 77.9% were gram-negative. In our study, the frequency of Klebsiella pneumoniae bacteria was higher than in some studies, and this indicates the genetic changes and resistance of this bacterium to many antibiotics.

Conclusion

To prevent further spread of resistance, increase the effectiveness of antibiotics and prevent multidrug resistance, it is essential to establish a precise schedule for the use of antibiotics and assess the resistance pattern periodically in each region based on the antibiotic resistance pattern.

Keywords:

• nosocomial infections
• UTI
• trachea
• CSF
• antimicrobial resistance pattern

Acknowledgment

We are thankful for the cooperation of the laboratory of the Be’ sat, Beheshti, and Sina hospitals and we are grateful for Hamadan University of Medical Sciences for their financial supports of this study.

Abbreviations

NIs, nosocomial infections; UTI, urinary tract infection; ICU, intensive care unit; VAP, ventilator-associated pneumonia.

Data Sharing Statement

All data used are available. Please contact the corresponding authors for data requests.

Ethics Approval

This study was approved by the ethics committee of Hamadan University of Medical Sciences.

Consent to Participate

In this study, we weren’t in touch with the children directly, although all sample urines were collected from the laboratory of the Be’ sat, Beheshti, and Sina hospitals.

Author Contributions

All authors made substantial contributions to conception and design, acquisition of data, or analysis and interpretation of data; took part in drafting the article or revising it critically for important intellectual content; gave final approval of the version to be published; and agree to be accountable for all aspects of the work.

Disclosure

The authors declare that they have no conflicting interests related to this manuscript.