Study on the Detection and Infection Distribution of Multidrug-Resistant Organisms in Different Specimens

Abstract

Objective

To analyze the infection and distribution of multidrug-resistant organisms (MDRO) in different clinical specimens, thereby providing a reference for clinical diagnosis and treatment and prevention and control.

Patient and Methods

2314 strains of MDRO isolated from clinical specimens in the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University from January to December 2020. MDRO were collected by Information System. The detection rate of MDRO, infection rate, the proportion of infection, and detection rate of MDRO infection in different specimens were analyzed.

Results

The top three specimens in the detection rate of MDRO were BALF (60.71%), sputum (33.68%), and blood (28.79%). The top three specimens in the proportion of MDRO infection were blood (97.74), other sterile body fluids (90.35%), and BALF (90.20%). The top three specimens in the MDRO infection rate were BALF (9.75%), sputum (3.07%), and secretions (2.90%). The top three specimens in the detection rate of MDRO infection were sputum (0.63‰), other sterile body fluids (0.13‰), and secretions (0.11‰).

Conclusion

The detection and infection distribution of MDRO vary greatly in different specimens. The submission of sterile body fluids for examination should be strengthened and the standard of sample collection should be highlighted.

Keywords:

• different specimens
• MDRO
• detection rate
• infection
• sterile body fluids

Abbreviation

MDRO, Multidrug-resistant organisms; MRSA, Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus; CRE, Carbapenem-Resistant Enterobacteriaceae; CRPA, Carbapenem-Resistant Pseudomonas Aeruginosa; LIS, Laboratory Information System; CLSL, Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute; WBC, White blood cell count; CRKP, Carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella Pneumoniae; ICU, Intensive Care Unit.

Data Sharing Statement

The data used to support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon request.

Ethical Statement

We carried out this study according to the revised Declaration of Helsinki, and this study was approved by the hospital ethics committee and exempted from informed consent (2019-SR-075).Because the study was retrospective and the study followed only the drug resistance of the specimens and did not involve other information about the patients, the ethical application for exemption from informed consent was passed.

Acknowledgment

We would like to acknowledge the reviewers for their helpful comments on this paper.

Author Contributions

All authors made a significant contribution to the work reported, whether that is in the conception, study design, execution, acquisition of data, analysis and interpretation, or in all these areas; took part in drafting, revising or critically reviewing the article; gave final approval of the version to be published; have agreed on the journal to which the article has been submitted; and agree to be accountable for all aspects of the work. Zhanjie Li and Ying Zhang are co-first authors.

Disclosure

The authors declare no conflicts of interest in this work.

Additional information

Funding

This work was supported by the industry prospecting and common key technology key projects of Jiangsu Province Science and Technology Department (grant No. BE2020721), Project of Evidence-Based Evaluation and Demonstration Base Construction of Infection Control Measures in Medical Institutions of the Health Development Research Center of the National Health Commission (2020-53) and the Clinical Capability Improvement Project of Jiangsu Province Hospital (JSPH-MB-2020-10); Nanjing Life and Health Technology Special Project ”Cooperative research, development and transformation of active intelligent health management platform for diabetes mellitus” (202205053);Industrial chain collaborative innovation Project of Ministry of Industry and Information Technology ”Multi-modal medical data intelligent management software for the new generation of information technology” (TC210804V);The Industrial and Information Industry Transformation and Upgrading Special Fund of Jiangsu Province in 2021 (Grant no. [2021]92)) ;The Key Project of Smart Jiangsu in 2020 (Grant no. [2021]1) ;Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Big Data Application in Chronic Disease and Intelligent Health Service (Grant no.[2020]1460).The funders had an important role in the design of the study; in the collection, analyses, or interpretation of data; in the writing of the manuscript, or in the decision to publish the results.