The Predictive Value of Heparin-Binding Protein and D-Dimer in Patients with Sepsis

Abstract

Objective

To explore the serial measurement of heparin-binding protein and D-dimer in the prediction of 28-day mortality and efficacy evaluation of critically-ill patients with sepsis.

Methods

We recruited a total of 51 patients with sepsis in the ICU of our hospital. They were divided into a survival group or a death group according to their prognosis 28 days after treatment. The HBP and D-dimer levels in these patients were determined on the 1st (24h), 3rd, and 5th days. Besides, the sequential organ failure assessment (SOFA) score of these patients was recorded at admission. The patients in both groups were subjected to comparison regarding HBP and D-dimer levels and SOFA scores within 24h of admission. Additionally, a correlation between the levels of HBP and D-dimer and the SOFA score was statistically measured, while the predictive effectiveness of these factors for the prognosis of patients with sepsis was also determined. Moreover, the dynamic changes in HBP and D-dimer during the treatment of both groups were analyzed.

Results

The HBP and D-dimer levels and the SOFA scores in the survival group were considerably lower than those in the death group, and the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). Additionally, the levels of HBP and D-dimer in sepsis patients were positively correlated with the SOFA score (P<0.05). The area under the curve (AUC) of HBP, D-dimer, and their combination in predicting the prognosis of patients with sepsis was 0.824, 0.771, and 0.830, respectively. Besides, the sensitivity and specificity of their combination in predicting the prognosis of patients with sepsis were 68.42% and 92.31%, respectively. The HBP and D-dimer levels presented a downward trend in the survival group during treatment, while they exhibited an upward trend in the death group.

Conclusion

HBP and D-dimer realize high predictive effectiveness for the prognosis of patients with sepsis, while the combined use of these two factors achieves superior effectiveness. Thus, they can be applied to the prediction of 28-day mortality and efficacy evaluation of sepsis patients.

Keywords:

• sepsis
• heparin-binding protein
• HBP
• D-dimer
• sequential organ failure assessment score
• SOFA
• prognosis

Data Sharing Statement

We declare that materials described in the manuscript, including all relevant raw data, will be freely available to any researcher wishing to use them for non-commercial purposes, without breaching participant confidentiality. They are available from the first author on reasonable request ([email protected]).

Ethics Approval and Consent to Participate

This study was conducted with approval from the Ethics Committee of the First People’s Hospital of Linping District, Hangzhou (No. 2018003). This study was conducted following the declaration of Helsinki. Written informed consent was obtained from all participants.

Consent for Publication

All participants signed a document of informed consent.

Acknowledgments

We would like to acknowledge the dedicated work of all the staff that implemented the intervention and evaluation components of the study.

Disclosure

The authors declare that they have no competing interests.

Additional information

Funding

No external funding was received to conduct this study.