Nanosilver/poly (dl-lactic-co-glycolic acid) on titanium implant surfaces for the enhancement of antibacterial properties and osteoinductivity

Abstract

Background

Despite titanium (Ti) implants have been commonly used in the medical device field due to their superior biocompatibility, implant-associated bacterial infection remains a major clinical complication. Nanosilver, an effective antibacterial agent against a wide spectrum of bacterial strains, with a low-resistance potential, has attracted much interest too. Incorporation of nanosilver on Ti implants may be a promising approach to prevent biofilm formation.

Purpose

The objective of the study was to investigate the antibacterial effects and osteoinductive properties of nanosilver/poly (dl-lactic-co-glycolic acid)-coated titanium (NSPTi).

Methods

Gram-positive methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and the Gram-negative opportunistic pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PAO-1) were used to evaluate the antibacterial activity of NSPTi implants through the analysis of bacterial colonization in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, we examined the osteoinductive potential of NSPTi implants by investigating the proliferation and differentiation of MC3T3-E1 preosteoblast cells. In vivo, the osteoinductive properties of NSPTi implants were assessed by radiographic evaluation, H&E staining, and Masson’s trichrome staining.

Results

In vitro, bacterial adhesion to the 2% NSPTi was significantly inhibited and <1% of adhered bacteria survived after 24 hours. In vitro, the average colony-forming units (CFU)/g ratios in the 2% NSPTi with 10³ CFU MRSA and PAO-1 were 1.50±0.68 and 1.75±0.6, respectively. In the uncoated Ti groups, the ratios were 1.03±0.82×10³ and 0.94±0.49×10³, respectively. These results demonstrated that NSPTi implants had prominent antibacterial properties. Proliferation of MC3T3-E1 cells on the 2% NSPTi sample was 1.51, 1.78, and 2.22 times that on the uncoated Ti control after 3, 5, and 7 days’ incubation, respectively. Furthermore, NSPTi implants promoted the maturation and differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells. In vivo, NSPTi accelerated the formation of new bone while suppressing bacterial survival.

Conclusion

NSPTi implants have simultaneous antibacterial and osteoinductive activities and therefore have the potential in clinical applications.

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Keywords:

• silver nanoparticles
• Ti
• antimicrobial
• osteogenesis
• infection

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Nanosilver/poly (DL-lactic-co-glycolic acid) on titanium implant surfaces for the enhancement of antibacterial properties and osteoinductivity [Corrigendum]

Acknowledgments

This study was supported by the National Natural Science Fund of China (81701008), the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province (BS2015YY027, ZR2018LH012), the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (2014M561941), Special Funds for Postdoctoral Innovation Projects of Shandong Province (201402030), and the Fundamental Research Funds of Shandong University (2016GN009). No benefits in any form have been received or will be received from any commercial party related directly or indirectly to the subject of this article.

Disclosure

The authors report no conflicts of interest in this work.