https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7358-5973
Abstract
Purpose
This study was designed to explore the value of ovarian volume (OV) measured by transvaginal ultrasound and its relationship with anthropometry and serum hormonal levels in a polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) population.
Patients and Methods
A total of 119 women with PCOS from infertile couples were recruited in this cross-sectional study. On days 2–4 of the menstrual cycle, transvaginal ultrasound examinations were performed, and hormonal profiles were measured. PCOS diagnosis was based on the Rotterdam 2003 criteria and classified into four phenotype groups. The PCOS group (study group) and the non-PCOS group (control group) were compared.
Results
The mean age of the participants was 32.66±4.10 years compared to 33.99±4.78 years in 273 cases (69.6%) without PCOS. The mean OV was statistically larger in the PCOS group than in the non-PCOS group (7.65±3.23 mL vs 6.08±3.67 mL, p < 0.001) and positively correlated with serum anti-Mullerian (AMH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) levels (r=0.30; p < 0.001 and r=0.23; p < 0.001, respectively), and weakly and inversely correlated with age (−0.182, p < 0.001). The area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve of OV in the diagnosis of PCOS was 0.613 (0.557–0.670, 95% CI).
Conclusion
The enlarged OV is remarkable in women with PCOS and is related to AMH and LH concentrations. Although the diagnostic potential of PCOS is substantially low, OV alone may contribute to predicting the severity of PCOS and better performance for the diagnosis of PCOS phenotypes.
Abbreviations
OV, ovarian volume; PCOS, polycystic ovary syndrome; AMH, anti-Mullerian hormone; LH, luteinizing hormone; ROC curve, receiver operating characteristic curve; NIH, National Institutes of Health; PCOM, polycystic ovarian morphology; FNPO, follicle number per ovary; ESHRE, European Society for Human Reproduction and Embryology; BMI, body mass index; mFG, modification of the Ferriman and Gallwey scoring system; FSH, Follicle-stimulating hormone; IRMA, immunoradiometric assay; ECLIA, electrochemiluminescence; OD, ovulatory dysfunction, PCO, polycystic ovaries; SD, standard deviation; AUC, area under the curve.
Data Sharing Statement
The dataset used and/or analyzed during the current study is available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.
Ethics Approval and Informed Consent
The study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Hue University of Medicine and Pharmacy on November 9th, 2018 (approval number H2018/432). The present study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki. Informed consent form was obtained for all participants prior to participation in this study.
Acknowledgments
The authors thank the staff of Hue Center for Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility (HueCREI) for support on data recruitment.
Disclosure
The authors alone are responsible for the content and writing of this article. The authors report no conflicts of interest for this work.