Estimating Inhaled Corticosteroid Exposure from Short-Acting β₂-Agonist–Inhaled Corticosteroid Rescue

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Abbreviations

BUD, budesonide; DPI, dry powder inhaler; FDA, Food and Drug Administration; GINA, Global Initiative for Asthma; HFA, hydrofluoroalkane; ICS, inhaled corticosteroid; LABA, long-acting β₂-agonist; LAMA, long-acting muscarinic antagonist; NAEPP, National Asthma Education and Prevention Program; SABA, short-acting β₂-agonist; SCS, systemic corticosteroid.

Data Sharing Statement

Data underlying the findings described in this manuscript may be obtained in accordance with AstraZeneca’s data-sharing policy, described at https://astrazenecagrouptrials.pharmacm.com/ST/Submission/Disclosure.

Data for studies directly listed on Vivli can be requested through Vivli at www.vivli.org.

Data for studies not listed on Vivli can be requested through Vivli at https://vivli.org/members/enquiries-about-studies-not-listed-on-the-vivli-platform/. The AstraZeneca Vivli member page is also available, outlining further details: https://vivli.org/ourmember/astrazeneca/.

Acknowledgments

The authors would like to thank David Candlish, Marco E Favretto, and Stefan Courtney of inScience Communications, Springer Healthcare Ltd, UK, for providing medical writing support, which was funded by AstraZeneca.

Author Contributions

All authors made a significant contribution to the work reported, whether that is in the conception, study design, execution, acquisition of data, analysis and interpretation, or in all these areas; took part in drafting, revising or critically reviewing the article; gave final approval of the version to be published; have agreed on the journal to which the article has been submitted; and agree to be accountable for all aspects of the work.

Disclosure

NL has received consulting fees for advisory board participation from Amgen, AstraZeneca, Avillion, Genentech, GlaxoSmithKline, Novartis, Regeneron, Sanofi, and Teva; honoraria for non-speaker’s bureau presentations from GlaxoSmithKline and AstraZeneca; and travel support from AstraZeneca. Her institution received research support from Amgen, AstraZeneca, Avillion, Evidera, Gossamer Bio, Genentech, GlaxoSmithKline, Janssen, Novartis, Regeneron, Sanofi, and Teva.

IG, MP, and HG are employees of, and own stock in, AstraZeneca.

At the time of the study, JT was an employee of IBM Watson Health, which received funding from AstraZeneca to conduct this study.

ML is a speaker/on advisory boards for ALK, Amgen, AstraZeneca, Novartis, Regeneron, and Sanofi, and has received research support from AstraZeneca, Optinose, Regeneron, and Sanofi. The authors report no other conflicts of interest in this work.

Additional information

Funding

AstraZeneca funded the study and had a role in study design, data collection, data analysis, data interpretation, and writing of the report. The corresponding author had full access to all the data and had final responsibility to submit for publication.