Physicians’ Attitudes and Ethical Obligations to Pharmacogenetic Testing

Abstract

Introduction

Despite the increased utilization of pharmacogenetic (PGt) testing to guide drug therapy, little is known about the ethical challenges posed by the use of these genetic tools.

Methods

This cross-sectional study aimed to address ethical issues related to ancillary genetic information, consent forms, and potential confidentiality breaches from physicians’ perspectives. A questionnaire was administered to all practicing physicians working in KAUH.

Results

Almost 49% and 65% of physicians were willing to recommend PGt testing for adult and pediatric patients, respectively. The findings showed that physicians attitudes towards the clinical utility of PGt testing became more preceptive. The majority (73.7%) indicated that PGt testing should not be treated as other routine laboratory tests. The finding also focused on potential conflicts regarding ancillary genetic information, in which 78.8% indicated that they would like to preserve the confidentiality and privacy of the patients and only 14.4% of physicians did not feel obligated to let patients know about any future risk that might be uncovered using PGt testing. The findings showed that collecting both verbal and written consents was imperative prior to testing. Seriousness and predictability of the diseases were reported to be legitimate circumstances that allow disclosure of genetic information.

Discussion

Unless the field of PGt testing addresses the ethical challenges that might be encountered during PGt treatment, these issues might influence its acceptance in routine clinical settings. Establishing a minimal set of ethical standards may help emphasize the role of physicians and thus facilitate the implementation of PGt tests.

Keywords:

• PGt testing
• ethical issues
• physicians
• informed consent form
• ancillary information

Acknowledgment

This project was carried out as part of “The Research Ethics Education Program in Jordan” and has been supported by NIH (grant number 1R25TW010026-01).

Disclosure

The authors report no conflicts of interest in this work.