Aripiprazole for the treatment of psychotic symptoms in patients with dementia with Lewy bodies: a case series

Abstract

Purpose

The core features of dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) are cognitive fluctuations, visual hallucinations, and parkinsonian symptoms. Although there have been several reports on the efficacy of treatments for psychotic symptoms in patients with DLB, little is known regarding the treatment effects of aripiprazole. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of aripiprazole for the treatment of psychotic symptoms in patients with DLB.

Patients and methods

We employed a 10-week, open-label study design with 11 patients who met the criteria for DLB. The patients had previously experienced persistent or intermittent delusions, hallucinations, or both for at least 1 month. Aripiprazole was initiated at a low dose (3 or 6 mg/day) and titrated to higher doses at 2-week intervals or more rapidly, as needed. The Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI), Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS), and Clinical Global Impression-Severity (CGI-S) were administered at baseline and 1, 2, 4, 8, and 10 weeks later. The Simpson–Angus Scale (SAS), Clinical Dementia Rating (CDR), and Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) Scale were evaluated at baseline and at week 10. The NPI, CGI-S, and BPRS scores were compared between the baseline and each assessment point and between each assessment point and the one before assessment point. The SAS, CDR, and MMSE scores were compared between the baseline and the end point.

Results

The mean NPI and BPRS scores improved until the fourth week; they significantly decreased at each assessment point compared to the previous one. Afterward, improvements slowed and continued without significant decrease. The median SAS scores significantly decreased at the end point compared to the baseline (P<0.05). The median MMSE score was higher at the end point than at the baseline (P<0.05).

Conclusion

This study showed that aripiprazole may be effective and well tolerated for the treatment of psychotic symptoms in patients with DLB.

Keywords:

• aripiprazole
• Lewy bodies
• dementia
• psychotic symptoms

Acknowledgments

The abstract of this paper was presented at the 24th European Congress of Psychiatry as a poster presentation with interim findings. The poster’s abstract was published in “Poster Abstracts” in European Psychiatry (http://www.jscnp.org/ en/abstracts/19/19th Abstracts.pdf).

Author contributions

YSK contributed to study design, data collection, and analysis and interpretation of the data and wrote the manuscript. TS contributed to study design and provided comments on the manuscript. All authors contributed to data analysis, drafting and revising the article, gave final approval of the version to be published, and agree to be accountable for all aspects of the work.

Disclosure

The authors report no conflicts of interest in this work.