Rheumatoid Arthritis Saudi Database (RASD): Disease Characteristics and Remission Rates in a Tertiary Care Center

Abstract

Background

National Registries are essential to direct current practice. Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) registries in the middle east and North Africa remain scarcely represented.

Objective

To describe a population of Saudi RA patients and to compare the findings to internationally reported data.

Methods

This is an observational study that was conducted at Doctor Soliman Fakeeh Hospital (DSFH) in Saudi Arabia. The study ran from 2014 to 2018 using a pool of 433 patients. Inclusion criteria included adults older than 18 years of age who fulfilled the 2010 American College of Rheumatology criteria for the diagnosis of RA and who were also regular visitors in our rheumatology clinics. Data were collected directly from patients and entered in a specially designed program.

Results

At initial presentation, 45.5% had demonstrated active disease (moderate or high disease activity) based on DAS-28-CRP scores, while 54.5% were in low disease activity or remission. The remission rates after 1 year had increased to 79.6% (345 patients), while 9.7% (42 patients) and 10.6% (46 patients) had low disease activity and moderate disease activity, respectively. It was also found that the female gender, higher Health Assessment Questionnaire-Disability Index (HAQ-DI) and longer lag1/lag2 periods were associated with higher disease activity in our population.

Conclusion

We detected higher remission rates at 1 year of follow-up. This could be attributed to many factors, including good referral systems with easier access to biologics. We aim to expand this registry to the national level.

Keywords:

• rheumatoid arthritis
• disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs
• biologics
• TNF blockers
• registry
• remission rates

Ethics and Consent

Informed consent was taken from all the patients that participated. This study was conducted in accordance with the declaration of Helsinki.

Disclosure

This study was funded by the Alzaidi Chair of Research in Rheumatic Diseases, Umm Alqura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia. Rheumatoid arthritis Saudi Database (RASD) is a registry designed and funded by the Alzaidi Chair of Research in Rheumatic Diseases and partially funded by Pfizer pharmaceuticals. Hani Almoallim reports grants and non-financial support from Alzaidi Chair of Research in Rheumatic Diseases, and grants from Pfizer Pharmaceutical, during the conduct of the study. The authors report no other potential conflicts of interest for this work.