Utility Index and Patient-Reported Outcome Measures in Glaucomatous Patients Comparing with Normal Participants

Abstract

Purpose

Utility index is a significant outcome in terms of health economics assessment while patient-reported outcome measure (PROMs) evaluates quality of life (QOL) from patient’s perspective. Our objective was to evaluate both utility indices and PROMs using generic and eye specific QOL in glaucomatous patients compared with normal population.

Methods

This is a case-control study. We interviewed normal and glaucomatous participants with the European Quality of Life questionnaire (EQ-5D-5L), the European visual analogue scale (EQ-VAS) and the visual function questionnaire 28 (Thai version) (VFQ-28). The visual function questionnaire utility index (VFQ-UI) and generic utility index from EQ-5D-5L were calculated.

Results

There were 47 normal and 127 glaucomatous participants in this study. Amongst glaucoma group, 35 participants were in the early stage of the disease, 43 were in the moderate stage, 30 normal vision participants were in the severe stage, 14 participants had blindness one eye, and 5 had blindness both eyes. The mean age of the participants in both groups was statistically similar (63.78±6.84 vs 66.30±8.93 years old, respectively, p=0.062). Underlying diseases between groups were also comparable. The EQ-5D-5L utility index score and the EQ-VAS score were not statistically different between normal and glaucomatous groups, respectively (EQ-5D-5L: 0.874±0.122 vs 0.837±0.191, p=0.215; EQ VAS: 76.06±15.07 vs 74.02 ±15.10, p=0.43). By contrast, VFQ-UI of the glaucomatous group was significantly lower than that of the normal group, (VFQ-UI: 0.833±0.147 vs 0.895±0.070, accordingly, p<0.05).

Conclusions

Utility index from the VFQ-UI was a relevant PROMs for evaluating the QOL of glaucomatous patients in terms of visual function specificity and acceptable validity.

Keywords:

• quality of life in glaucomatous patients
• utility index of glaucoma
• patient-reported outcome measures
• PROMs
• the visual function questionnaire utility index in glaucoma
• VFQ-UI
• the European Quality of Life questionnaire in glaucoma
• EQ-5D-5L
• the visual function questionnaire 28 Thai-version
• VFQ-28

Abbreviations

EQ-5D-5L, European Quality of Life questionnaire; EQ-VAS, European visual analogue scale score; NEI VFQ-25, National Eye Institute 25-Item Visual Function Questionnaire; VFQ-28, visual function questionnaire 28-Thai version; VFQ-UI, visual specific utility index from the visual function questionnaire-utility index; PROMs, patients-reported outcome measures.

Acknowledgments

Thanks to Dr. Puwat Charukamnoetkanok for proofreading this article.

Disclosure

The authors report no conflicts of interest in this work.