Oral Health Screening Status of Diabetes Patients in Selected Hospitals of Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 2018

Abstract

Objective

The study assessed the oral health screening status of diabetes patients and its associated factors in selected public hospitals of Addis Ababa, 2018.

Patients and Methods

An institutional-based cross-sectional study was conducted on 388 diabetes patients selected on the bases of a systematic random sampling method from March to May 2018 at two selected public hospitals in Addis Ababa. Data were collected with a pre-tested, structured, and translated questionnaire. Bi-variable and multivariable logistics regression were undertaken to identify predictors of oral health screening among diabetes with their respective 95% CI and a p-value of less than 5% level of significance.

Results

The oral health screening status among diabetes patients in this study was 21.1%. The odds of having had an oral health screening was 82.4% higher in those with an educational status of college and above than those who cannot read and write and it was ten and five folds higher in participants with a monthly income of less than 750 birr than those with above 2,000 birr and those who brushed their tooth twice or more times a day than occasionally, respectively. The odds of having had an oral health screening was 17, four, and five folds higher among participants with perceived susceptibility, perceived severity, and benefit, respectively, whilst it was 8.8% lower in participants with a perceived barrier and it was as high as 19.782 times among participants with malocclusion.

Conclusion

A lower level of oral health screening was observed. A higher educational level, a lower monthly income, a higher frequency of tooth brushing per day, positive perceptions of susceptibility, severity, and benefits, and presence of malocclusions were statistically associated with a higher frequency of oral health screening. Concerned bodies were recommended to work on the identified predictors and improve the oral health screening of diabetes patients.

Keywords:

• oral health screening
• diabetes patients
• associated factors

Consent for Publication

Consent for publication of the manuscript was not applicable due to the fact that there were no participant’s individual data videos or images.

Abbreviations

AOR, Adjusted Odds Ratio; CDC, Center for Disease Control; DM, Diabetes Mellitus; WHO, World Health Organization.

Data Sharing Statement

A finding of this study was generated from the data collected and analyzed on the basis of stated methods and materials hence all data were already available in the manuscript.

Ethics Approval and Consent to Participate

The study protocol was performed in accordance with the ethical principle. Ethical approval was obtained from ethics review board of the University of South Africa. The ethics approval was given in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki. The data collectors obtained written informed consent from all participants.

Acknowledgments

The authors would like to thank the University of South Africa for the facilitation of the study. The authors would also thank study participants for their willingness in taking part in the study. Finally, the researchers would like to express their gratitude for the data collectors.

Author Contributions

All authors made substantial contributions to conception and design, acquisition of data, or analysis and interpretation of data; took part in drafting the article or revising it critically for important intellectual content; agreed to submit to the current journal; gave final approval of the version to be published; and agree to be accountable for all aspects of the work.

Disclosure

The authors report no conflicts of interest for this work.

Additional information

Funding

The authors received no specific funding for this work.