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Abstract
Objective
The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of medical thoracoscopy in the diagnosis and treatment of exudative pleural effusion.
Methods
A total of 82 patients with exudative pleural effusion underwent medical thoracoscopy under local anesthesia and mild sedation. The clinical characteristics, pleural fluid routine and biochemical tests, pleural biopsy, and outcomes were retrospectively evaluated.
Results
Among 82 patients, the color and transparency of pleural fluid and the levels of white blood cells (WBC), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), neutrophil proportion, lymphocyte proportion, adenosine deaminase (ADA), and glucose were different among tuberculosis (TB), malignant (M), acute and chronic inflammation (ACI), and purulent (P) cases. Furthermore, 70% of M cases had a low positive rate of exfoliated cells in the sputum and pleural fluid, and more than 90% of TB cases had low positive rates of anti-tuberculosis antibodies and acid-fast bacilli in the sputum and pleural fluid. Pleural biopsy showed that 11% of cases were M, 74.4% were TB, 11% were ACI, and 3.6% were P. Medical thoracoscopy showed that 66.7% of ACI cases had pleural adhesions, 34.4% of TB cases had moderate and 34.4% of TB cases had severe pleural adhesions, 100% of M and TB cases had pleural surface nodules and 77.8% of ACI cases had pleural surface nodules, 49.2% of TB cases showed encapsulated pleural effusion, and 33.3% of M cases showed encapsulated pleural effusion.
Conclusion
Medical thoracoscopy has high feasibility and accuracy in the diagnosis and treatment of exudative pleural effusion.
Acknowledgment
This study was supported by a grant from the Guizhou Provincial Natural Science Foundation Project ([2018]5623), Zunyi Respiratory Medicine Talent Base Project ([2019]69), and Science and Technology Bureau Project of Zunyi City (Zunshi Keheshe [2018]165, Zunshi Kehe [2015]17, and Zunshi Kehe HZ[2020]3).
Disclosure
The authors report no conflicts of interest for this work.