Takotsubo cardiomyopathy: etiology, diagnosis, and optimal management

Abstract:

Takotsubo cardiomyopathy, also known as stress-induced cardiomyopathy or apical ballooning syndrome, is a condition of stress-induced apical hypokinesis in the setting of a preserved basal segment. It has become increasingly recognized and described. While it can mimic the presentation of an acute myocardial infarction, it is a transient phenomenon, and ventricular systolic function typically recovers completely. We review the relevant literature over the past 2 decades regarding the pathophysiology, diagnosis, epidemiology, management, and prognosis of this condition.

Keywords::

• apical ballooning syndrome
• takotsubo cardiomyopathy
• stress-induced cardiomyopathy
• myocardial infarction
• heart failure