Prevalence of Hypertension and Associated Factors Among Adults in Debre Berhan Town, North Shoa Zone, Ethiopia, 2020

Abstract

Introduction

Hypertension is a serious medical condition that significantly increases the risks of heart, brain, kidney, and other diseases. The prevalence is highest in Africa (27%) and lowest in America (18%). Hypertension is a major reason for premature death worldwide; this is why it will become a targeted non-communicable disease by 2025.

Objective

To assess the prevalence of hypertension and associated factors among adults in Debre Berhan town, Amhara region, Ethiopia.

Methods

A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 680 participants who were selected by a systematic sampling technique. Data were checked, cleaned, and entered into Epi-data then exported to SPSS-23 for analysis. Hosmer-Lemeshow test was used to check the model fitness. Binary logistic regression analysis was used to see the association between dependent and independent variables. All variables with p <0.25 were taken into the multivariable model to minimize the possible confounders. The multi collinearity test was carried out to see the correlation between independent variables by using a variance inflation factor (VIF). The odds ratio along with 95% CI were estimated to measure the strength of association and to identify factors associated with hypertension using multivariable logistic regression. Descriptive statistics in the form of tables, figures, percent with measure of central tendency and dispersion with multivariable analysis were used to report the findings and to identify the factors associated with the outcome variable at a p<0.05.

Results

Among 680 participants, the prevalence of hypertension was 27.5%. Sex, being male (AOR: 1.77, 95% CI: 1.12–2.81), alcohol consumption (AOR: 2.76: 95% CI: 1.87–4.05), physical exercise (AOR: 2.17, 95% CI: 1.28–3.71), being overweight (AOR: 1.99, 95% CI: 1.11–3.58), and family history of hypertension (AOR: 2.10, 95% CI: 1.43–3.08) were found to be significantly associated with hypertension.

Conclusion and Recommendation

Prevalence of hypertension in Debre Berhan town was relatively high compared with other studies. So, it is necessary to emphasize intervention in the community for behavioral change, in order to minimize alcohol consumption and to encourage adoption of regular physical exercise, with the existing health system and partners working on hypertension.

Keywords:

• hypertension
• prevalence
• adult
• Debre Berhan

Data Sharing Statement

All data are accessed in this manuscript.

Ethical Approval and Consent to Participant

Ethical clearance was obtained from Debre Berhan University, health science college research committee. And also a supportive letter was obtained from Debre Berhan Town Wereda health office to all selected kebeles administrative offices. Each study participant was adequately informed about the purpose, method, and anticipated benefit and risk of the study by their data collector. Respondents had the right to respond or refuse the interview. Written consent was received from study participants. All the information given by respondents was used for research purposes only and confidentiality and privacy were kept by omitting the name of the respondents during the data collection procedure.

Consent for Publication

Not applicable.

Acknowledgment

The authors would like to thank Debre Berhan University, Debre Berhan Health Science College and, Debre Berhan town Health Bureau for providing sponsorship. All study participants are thanked for their cooperation during sample collection.

Author Contributions

All authors contributed to data analysis, drafting and, revising the article, have agreed on the journal to which the article will be submitted, gave final approval of the version to be published and, agreed to be accountable for all aspects of the work.

Disclosure

The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest for this work.

Additional information

Funding

There is no funding to report.