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Abstract
Background
Antihypertensive agents can reduce arterial stiffness. We hypothesized that an angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB) irbesartan and an angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor (ACEI) lisinopril improved arterial compliance.
Methods
A randomized, double-blind, double-dummy, controlled crossover trial. Fifteen hypertensive patients, mean age 65.5 ± 8.9 years (mean ± SD) were given irbesartan (150 to 300 mg/day) or lisinopril (10 to 20 mg/day) for 12 weeks and then crossed over for 12 weeks. Pulse wave velocity (PWV) in the carotid-femoral (CF), carotid-radial (CR), and femoral dorsalis-pedis (FD) were measured using a Complior® PWV system.
Results
After 12 weeks, systolic blood pressure (SBP) decreased from 162.4 ± 12.9 to 134.5 ± 14.8 with irbesartan and to 145.2 ± 25 mmHg with lisinopril. Irbesartan and lisinopril reduced PWV (CF) in the elastic arterial system from 15.1 ± 5 to 13.3 ± 2.6 (p < 0.005) and to 14 ± 4.7 (p < 0.05) m/s respectively (p = 0.345). Irbesartan reduced PWV (CR) and PWV (FD), whereas lisinopril did not. The difference between treatments was significant after SBP adjustment (p = 0.037 for PWV (CR) and p < 0.001 for PWV (FD)).
Conclusions
Irbesartan improved arterial compliance in elastic and muscular arteries, whereas lisinopril improved it only in elastic arteries.
Acknowledgments
We would like to thank Peter Sacares and Winston Banya for their help with the statistical analyses.
Bristol-Myers Squibb provided an educational grant. They had no input in the trial design, day to day running, data collection, analysis or paper writing.