microRNAs and their Therapeutic Strategy in Phase I and Phase II Clinical Trials

Abstract

miRNAs play a crucial therapeutic role in diseases such as cancer, diabetes and viral infections, with around 1900 identified in the human genome. Some have progressed to clinical trials, and miRNA mimics and miRNA inhibitors are pivotal therapeutic molecules undergoing evaluation. The review delves into various miRNA-associated clinical trials, emphasizing their precision in targeting specific genes, modulating disease pathways and diagnostic potential. This underscores the importance of miRNA therapy, foreseeing innovations in precision medicine techniques for diverse diseases. The future envisions improved delivery systems addressing challenges like immunogenicity and digestion, while a comprehensive miRNA-based omics database could guide the development of tailored antisense miRNAs, further advancing precision medicine strategies.

Keywords::

• clinical trials
• diseases
• miRNAs
• miRNA therapeutics
• signaling pathway

Author contributions

Ameya KP collected the related papers and wrote the manuscript; K Kaliaperumal and D Sekar designed and framed the concept, and supervised the manuscript.

Acknowledgments

The authors thank Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha University (SIMATS) and ICMR (Indian Council of Medical Research) (2019-0106/CMB/ADHOC/BMS and 5/4/8-18/CD/2021-NCD-II), for funding and research support.

Financial disclosure

The authors have no financial involvement with any organization or entity with a financial interest in or financial conflict with the subject matter or materials discussed in the manuscript. This includes employment, consultancies, honoraria, stock ownership or options, expert testimony, grants or patents received or pending, or royalties.

Competing interests disclosure

The authors have no competing interests or relevant affiliations with any organization or entity with the subject matter or materials discussed in the manuscript. This includes employment, consultancies, honoraria, stock ownership or options, expert testimony, grants or patents received or pending, or royalties.

Writing disclosure

No writing assistance was utilized in the production of this manuscript.