Clinical Implementation of Personalized Medicine in Community Pharmacies: Considerations for Clinicians

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Financial & competing interests disclosure

Part of this work was conducted in relation to an ongoing study conducted by the Western Michigan University Homer Stryker MD School of Medicine, ‘Evaluation of Clinical Utility of Pharmacogenomic (PGx) Testing in Community Mental Health Patients in Michigan’. The study is funded by a private donation. DR Bright has completed pharmacogenomics-focused research with Kroger Pharmacy, Rite Aid Pharmacy, OptiMed Pharmacy and HomeTown Pharmacy, and has conducted community pharmacy-focused pharmacogenomics research funded by the Community Pharmacy Foundation, the National Association of Chain Drug Stores Foundation and Spartan Bioscience. He is an author of the RxGenomix/American Pharmacists Association coprovided pharmacogenomics certificate training program. AJ Greco has completed pharmacogenomics-focused research with Kerr Drug (now Walgreens Pharmacy) and Giant Eagle Pharmacy, is employed by Giant Eagle Pharmacy and has conducted community pharmacy-focused pharmacogenomics research funded by the Community Pharmacy Foundation and the National Association of Chain Drug Stores Foundation. A Langerveld is the owner of Genemarkers, a commercial pharmacogenomics laboratory and has conducted pharmacogenomics-focused research with OptiMed Pharmacy and HomeTown Pharmacy. DF Kisor has completed pharmacogenomics-focused research with Kroger Pharmacy, and has conducted community pharmacy-focused pharmacogenomics research funded by the Community Pharmacy Foundation and the National Association of Chain Drug Stores Foundation. He is an author of the RxGenomix/American Pharmacists Association coprovided pharmacogenomics certificate training program. He is a consultant to PWN Health, LLC. The authors have no other relevant affiliations or financial involvement with any organization or entity with a financial interest in or financial conflict with the subject matter or materials discussed in the manuscript apart from those disclosed.

No writing assistance was utilized in the production of this manuscript.

Additional information

Funding

Part of this work was conducted in relation to an ongoing study conducted by the Western Michigan University Homer Stryker MD School of Medicine, ‘Evaluation of Clinical Utility of Pharmacogenomic (PGx) Testing in Community Mental Health Patients in Michigan’. The study is funded by a private donation. DR Bright has completed pharmacogenomics-focused research with Kroger Pharmacy, Rite Aid Pharmacy, OptiMed Pharmacy and HomeTown Pharmacy, and has conducted community pharmacy-focused pharmacogenomics research funded by the Community Pharmacy Foundation, the National Association of Chain Drug Stores Foundation and Spartan Bioscience. He is an author of the RxGenomix/American Pharmacists Association coprovided pharmacogenomics certificate training program. AJ Greco has completed pharmacogenomics-focused research with Kerr Drug (now Walgreens Pharmacy) and Giant Eagle Pharmacy, is employed by Giant Eagle Pharmacy and has conducted community pharmacy-focused pharmacogenomics research funded by the Community Pharmacy Foundation and the National Association of Chain Drug Stores Foundation. A Langerveld is the owner of Genemarkers, a commercial pharmacogenomics laboratory and has conducted pharmacogenomics-focused research with OptiMed Pharmacy and HomeTown Pharmacy. DF Kisor has completed pharmacogenomics-focused research with Kroger Pharmacy, and has conducted community pharmacy-focused pharmacogenomics research funded by the Community Pharmacy Foundation and the National Association of Chain Drug Stores Foundation. He is an author of the RxGenomix/American Pharmacists Association coprovided pharmacogenomics certificate training program. He is a consultant to PWN Health, LLC. The authors have no other relevant affiliations or financial involvement with any organization or entity with a financial interest in or financial conflict with the subject matter or materials discussed in the manuscript apart from those disclosed. No writing assistance was utilized in the production of this manuscript.