Progress in Noninvasive, Abortive Neuromodulation Therapy for Treating Acute Pain in Primary Headache Disorders

Krishnan V Chakravarthy1 Department of Anesthesiology & Pain Medicine. University of California San Diego Health Sciences, San Diego, CA, USA, 92103;2 VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA, USA, 92161Correspondence[email protected]

Thomas M Kinfe3 Department of Psychiatry, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms University Bonn, Germany;4 Division of Medical Psychology, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms University Bonn, Germany;5 University Hospital Bonn, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms University Bonn, Germany

Paul J Christo6 Department of Anesthesiology & Critical Care Medicine, Division of Pain Medicine. The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA, 21287

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Financial & competing interests disclosure

K Chakravarthy is consultant to Abbott formerly St. Jude Medical, Medincell, and Bioness Inc. W Chakravarthy is also founder of Douleur Therapeutics, Newrom Biomedical, and NanoAxis. The authors have no other relevant affiliations or financial involvement with any organization or entity with a financial interest in or financial conflict with the subject matter or materials discussed in the manuscript apart from those disclosed.

No writing assistance was utilized in the production of this manuscript.

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Progress in Noninvasive, Abortive Neuromodulation Therapy for Treating Acute Pain in Primary Headache Disorders

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Progress in Noninvasive, Abortive Neuromodulation Therapy for Treating Acute Pain in Primary Headache Disorders

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