Distributional Aspects of Endemic Goiter in the United States

Abstract

The distribution of endemic goiter (an enlargement of the thyroid gland) traditionally has displayed a marked geographic pattern. Since the prevalence of the disease has been greatest in those areas which are inland or mountainous, cultural and environmental conditions (especially a low level of dietary iodine intake) have been studied as causative factors. Although the use of iodine prophylactics has fostered a remarkable decrease in endemic goiter incidence and the fragmentation of the northern U.S. “goiter belt,” the disease will not be eradicated entirely until the complete etiology of endemic goiter is known.