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ABSTRACT
The clinical relevance of positive patch tests reactions to metals in prosthetic dentistry in symptomatic patients treated with dental alloys is often unclear. The clinical manifestations of contact allergy to dental alloys are various and sometimes rest misdiagnosed.
The study aimed to determine the prevalence of positive patch test reactions to metals in symptomatic individuals with dental alloy restorations and to classify the clinical manifestations of allergy in these patients.
A group of 304 patients with dental alloy restorations and oral symptoms with suspected allergy to dental alloys were clinically examined and patch tested.
A total of 13.8% of them were with positive patch test to different metals. 9.5% were positive to nickel, 6.2% to gold, 5.3% to palladium, 4.3% to cobalt and 0.7% to chrome. The most frequent oral manifestations of contact allergy to dental alloys were lichenoid lesions (64.3%), cheilitis (59.5%), erythema (38.1%) and oedema (35.7%).
The prevalence of metal hypersensitivity in individuals with oral symptoms and dental alloy restorations is 13.8%. The symptoms related with dental alloy allergy are lichenoid lesions, cheilitis and oedema.