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ABSTRACT
The aim of the study was to investigate the relationship of eNOS (4. intron 27bp) polymorphism in clinically classified patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) in Turkish population.
PCR and restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis were used to detect the variant of the eNOS gene in 74 patients with CAD and 20 healthy controls. The CAD group was separated into 3 clinical groups depending on angiography criteria and clinical form designation: 1st Group Myocardial infarction (MI) (n:20); 2nd Group Unstable Angina Pectoris (UAP) (n:18); 3rd Group Stable Angina Pectoris (SAP) (n:36).
When a and b allele frequencies in the CAD and control groups were compared, no statistically significant difference was found. No significant difference was observed in the 4. intron 27 bp variants of the eNOS gene when CAD patients were compared without distinguishing them clinically from the control group. When we assessed CAD patients classified according to their clinical form, no significant difference was determined in allele frequencies and genotype distribution in the subgroups except for subgroup SAP. When we compared SAP patients with the other subgroups and with the control group, it was found that there was a significant increase in the ab genotype and the a allele frequency, and a decrease in the bb genotype (p<0.05).
In conclusion, CAD seemed to develop without any alterations in eNOS (4. intron 27bp) genotype frequency. However, the 27 bp repeat polymorphism of the eNOS gene in patients with SAP can be considered as SAP which may have a hereditary origin. High eNOS gene polymorphism in patients with SAP can be related to the increased risk of possible coronary occurrence in future. It was concluded that further studies of the relationship between eNOS gene polymorphism and CAD should take account of the clinical forms of CAD.