Abstract
Since the demonstration of a total lack of dynein arms in immobile human spermatozoa (2, 10) there has been considerable interest in the investigation of the ciliary substructure in nasal mucosa cilia in patients with chronic sinusitis and bronchial symptoms. Since 3 out of the 4 patients described above with immobile spermatozoa had situs inversus of the thoracic organs, it was thought that the basic defect in Kar-tagener's syndrome might be a similar substructural ciliary defect. This hypothesis seemed to be confirmed by the demonstration of a lack of dynein arms in nasal mucosa cilia in such patients (9).