Acute changes in intra-alveolar tooth position and local clearance of ¹²⁵I from the periodontal ligament

Abstract

Changes in intra-alveolar tooth position and local ¹²⁵I clearance from the periodontal ligament (PDL) were monitored simultaneously in cats. Axial tooth movements, reflecting periodontal ligament volume changes, were measured with an ultrasonic transit time technique. Local blood flow changes in the PDL were studied indirectly by measuring the local clearance of ¹²⁵I⁻. Stimulation of the cervical sympathetic trunk caused an intrusive movement of the tooth with a concomitant reduction of the ^l25I⁻ clearance. Infusion of noradrenaline induced a similar response. Stimulation of the inferior alveolar nerve during systemic treatment with phentolamine caused an extrusive movement of the tooth with a concomitant increase in the clearance of the tracer from the PDL. Intra-arterial infusion of the vasodilator substance P mimicked that response. Fixation of the tooth to the jaw bone, thus preventing an intrusive movement, did not change the reductions in clearance seen on sympathetic stimulation, indicating that this blood flow reduction was not dependent on tooth movement. A qualitative relation between PDL blood flow (as measured by local ^l25I clearance) and PDL volume (as measured by tooth position) is shown. The two variables measured are suggested to reflect two aspects of blood flow in the PDL. □ Cat; hemodynamics; periodontium; plethysmography; tissue volume; vasomotor system