The Ototoxic Potential of EMLA: A New Local Anesthetic for the Tympanic Membrane

Abstract

Instillation of EMLA, a new local anesthetic, into the middle ear of the guinea pig caused severe morphological damage to the organ of Corti in the first 4 mm from the round window. Further up the cochlea, only derangements of the stereocilia were found. The extent of morphological damage was the same, whether the agent was administered once or several times. The ototoxic potential of EMLA was obvious and is probably due to direct damage in areas where present in high concentrations. Over a short distance of approximately 0.1 mm there is a transition from a total destruction of the organ of Corti to a completely normal morphology.

Key Words:

• ototoxicity
• EMLA
• cochlea
• cytocochleogram
• scanning electron microscopy
• guinea pig